Hoʻohana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka sodium hydroxide

Hoʻohana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka sodium hydroxide

YANGZHOU EVERBRIGHT CHEMICAL CO.LTD.

ʻO ka papa ʻaina Caustic he ʻano o ka soda caustic, inoa kemika sodium hydroxide, he alkali hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, corrosive loa, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka neutralizer acid, me ka masking agent, precipitating agent, precipitation masking agent, color agent, saponification agent, peeling agent, mea holoi a pela aku

Nui loa.Ua hōʻuluʻulu ʻia ka hoʻohana maʻamau o nā pāpaʻi caustic soda penei:

1, hana pepa:

ʻO nā mea kanu pepa ka mea kanu lāʻau a mauʻu paha, ʻo kēia mau mea kanu me ka cellulose, akā loaʻa pū kekahi i ka nui o ka non-cellulose (lignin, gum, etc.).Hoʻohana ʻia ka flake alkali no ka delignification, a hiki ke loaʻa ka fiber ma ka wehe ʻana i ka lignin mai ka lāʻau.Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka ʻāpana non-cellulose ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka dilute caustic soda solution, i hiki ke hoʻomākaukau ʻia ka cellulose ma ke ʻano nui o ka pulp.

2, ʻaila hoʻomaʻemaʻe:

Ma hope o ka holoi ʻia ʻana o nā huahana ʻaila me ka sulfuric acid, pono e holoi ʻia kekahi mau mea waikawa me ka solution alkali papa, a laila holoi ʻia a loaʻa nā huahana i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia.

3. Mea lole lole:

ʻO ka pulupulu a me ka lole olonā e mālama ʻia me ka sodium hydroxide concentrated (caustic soda) e hoʻomaikaʻi i nā waiwai fiber.ʻO nā fiber artificial e like me ka pulupulu hana, ka hulu hipa, ka rayon, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā viscose fibers, ua hana ʻia lākou me cellulose (e like me ka pulp), caustic soda, carbon disulfide (CS2) e like me nā mea maka, i hana ʻia me ka viscose, ma ka wili, condensation.

4, paʻi a hoʻoluʻu:

pulupulu lole me ka alkaline solution lapaau, hiki ke wehe i uhiia i ka pulupulu lole wax, ka momona, ka starch a me na mea e ae, oiai e hoonui ana i ke kala mercerization o ka lole, i mea e hooluu ai i ka lole.

5, hana kopa:

ʻO ka mea nui o ke kopa ʻo ia ka paʻakai sodium o nā ʻakika momona kiʻekiʻe, i hana pinepine ʻia me ka ʻaila a me nā papa alkali ma ke ʻano he kumu kumu ma o ka saponification reaction.Ma waho aʻe o nā paʻakai ʻakika momona kiʻekiʻe, loaʻa ka kopa i ka rosin, ke aniani wai, nā mea ʻala, nā meaʻala a me nā mea hoʻopiha ʻē aʻe.Ma ke kumu, ʻo ka sodium fatty acid kiʻekiʻe he ʻāpana hydrophobic non-polar (hui hydrocarbon) a me kahi ʻāpana hydrophilic polar (hui carboxyl).He waiwai oleophilic ka hui hydrophobic.I ka wā o ka holoi ʻana, hoʻoulu ʻia ka momona o ka lepo a hoʻopuehu ʻia i loko o nā kulu aila liʻiliʻi, a ma hope o ka hoʻopili ʻana me ke kopa, ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka hui hydrophobic (hui hydrocarbon) o nā molekala sodium kiʻekiʻe o ka momona i loko o nā kulu aila, a ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā molekole aila. i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e nā pūʻali van der Waals.ʻO ka hui hydrophilic (hui carboxyl), hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, hoʻonui ʻia ma waho o ka hāʻule ʻaila a hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka wai.ʻO ka mea nui o ke kopa ʻo NaOH, akā ʻaʻole ʻo NaOH ke kopa.ʻO kona wai hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka momona a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i kopa.He emulsifier ke kopa.ʻO ke kumu o ka saponification reaction CH3CO0CH2CH3+NaOH=CH3COONa+CH3CH2OH, a ʻo CH3COONa ka mea hana i loko o ke kopa.

6, ʻoihana kemika:

e hana i ka sodium metala, wai electrolytic e hoʻohana i nā papa o ka alkali.Hoʻohana ʻia ka hana ʻana o nā paʻakai inorganic he nui, ʻoi aku ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i kekahi mau paʻakai sodium (e like me borax, sodium silicate, sodium phosphate, sodium dichromate, sodium sulfite, etc.) i hoʻohana ʻia i ka papa alkali.Hoʻohana ʻia ia i ka synthesis o nā mea hoʻonaninani, nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā intermediates organik.

7, ʻoihana metallurgical:

e hoʻololi pinepine i ka mea hana o ka ʻeleʻele i ka paʻakai sodium soluble, i mea e wehe ai i nā haumia insoluble, no laila, pono pinepine e hoʻohui i nā papa alkali.No ka laʻana, i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka alumini, hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka cryolite a me ka mālama ʻana i ka bauxite.

8, ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lime e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka lepo:

i loko o ka lepo, no ka mea, e hoʻohua mai ka mea ola i loko o ke kaʻina decomposition i nā ʻakika organik, hiki ke hoʻoulu ʻia nā mea ʻawaʻawa i ka wā o nā minela.Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea kanu inorganic e like me ka ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, e hoʻolilo i ka lepo acidic.ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka nui kūpono o ka lime hiki ke hoʻopau i ka waikawa i loko o ka lepo, hoʻolilo i ka lepo i kūpono no ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu, a hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā microorganism.Ma hope o ka hoʻonuiʻana o Ca2 + i ka lepo, hiki iā ia ke hoʻoikaika i ka condensation o ka colloid lepo, kahi e kūpono ai i ka hoʻokumuʻana i nā aggregates, a ma ka manawa like, hiki iā ia ke hāʻawi i ka calcin e pono ai no ka uluʻana o ka mea kanu.

9. hana alumina:

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka hopena NaOH e hoʻoheheʻe i ka alumina i loko o ka bauxite a loaʻa ka sodium aluminaʻai ka hopena.Ma hope o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻana o ka hopena mai ke koena (ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula), hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia ka mahana, hoʻohui ʻia ka alumini hydroxide e like me ka hua aniani, ma hope o ka manawa lōʻihi o ka hoʻoulu ʻana, ua decomposed ka sodium aluminate i ka alumini hydroxide, holoi ʻia, a calcined ma 950 ~ 1200 ℃ , Loaʻa ka alumini oxide i hoʻopau ʻia.ʻO ka hopena ma hope o ka ua o ka alumini hydroxide i kapa ʻia ʻo ka waiʻona makuahine, kahi i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a hoʻopaʻa ʻia a hana hou ʻia.Ma muli o nā ʻano crystalline like ʻole o ka diaspore, diaspore a me ka diaspore, ʻokoʻa loa ko lākou solubility i ka solution soda caustic, no laila pono e hāʻawi i nā kūlana dissolution ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka nui o nā mahana dissolution.Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka diaspore type bauxite ma 125 ~ 140C, a hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka diaspore type bauxite ma 240 ~ 260 ℃ a me ka hoʻohui o ka lime (3 ~ 7%).

10, nā seramika:

ʻO ka soda caustic i loko o ka hana hana ceramic he ʻelua mau helu: ʻo ka mua, i ke kaʻina hana o ka ceramics, ka soda caustic e like me ka diluent.ʻO ka lua, ʻo ka ʻili o ka seramika i puhi ʻia e ʻoki ʻia a ʻeleʻele paha, a ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana me ka wai hoʻoheheʻe caustic, e maʻalahi ka ʻili o ka ceramic.

11, disinfection:

ka virus protein denaturation.Hoʻohana nui ʻia kēia no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā hue i loko o ka ʻoihana waina.

12, ma waho aʻe o ka wai ʻino:

ikaika ka sodium oxide e hoʻololi i ka waiwai ph, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka wai, i mea e hoʻihoʻi hou ai nā kumuwaiwai.

13, hoʻomākaukau kemika, mea hoʻohui ʻenehana:

Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka papa alkali i ka ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau e alkalize i nā hopena a i ʻole hoʻoponopono i ka waiwai pH o nā hopena lāʻau lapaʻau.

14, electroplating, tungsten hoʻomaʻemaʻe.：

ʻO nā papa alkali i ka hoʻoheheʻe metala e like me ka hopena electroplating, e pāʻani i ke kuleana o ke alakaʻi!

15, hana kilika, hana i ka pulupulu rayon.

16. ʻOihana ʻili (Hoʻomaka i ʻelua hoʻohana ʻana i nā papa alkali):

(1) No ke kaʻina hana hou ʻana o ka wai lehu lehu tannery, hoʻomoʻi a hoʻohui i ka wai wai sodium sulfide i loko o ke kaʻina hana hoʻonui.

Ma waena o nā ʻanuʻu ʻelua o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka pauka lime, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana o 30% sodium hydroxide solution me ka paona tare 0.3-0.5% e hoʻonui i ka ʻili o ka ʻili e hoʻokō i nā koi kaʻina a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o nā huahana semi-finished.
(2) E like me ka alkaline medium a me ka neutralizer, e hoʻohui i ka nui o ka wai i ka reactor, a laila wela a hiki i 90 ° C ma o ka mahu, e hoʻoulu i ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka waiʻona polyvinyl, a laila hoʻomaha i ka 80 ° C ma hope o ka polyvinyl alcohol. hemo loa.Ma hope o ka hoʻoulu ʻana, e hoʻohui i ka waika hydrochloric i loko o kahi trickle, e hoʻomau i ka hoʻoulu ʻana no 20 a 30 mau minuke, a hoʻohui i ka nui o ka wai formaldehyde.E mālama i ka mahana ma 78 ~ 80 ℃, e ʻae iā ia e hana no 40 ~ 50 mau minuke, e hoʻohui i ka 10% sodium hydroxide solution i hoʻonohonoho ʻia no ka neutralization, e hoʻomaha iā ia i 60 ~ 70 ℃, a laila e hoʻohui i ka urea formula no ka mālama amino, a kānana. ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ma o ka ʻupena wili no ka hoʻohana ʻana.

17, ʻoihana kemika polyester:

hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana ʻana i ka formic acid, oxalic acid, borax, phenol, sodium cyanide a me ke kopa, synthetic fatty acids, synthetic detergent, etc.

18, paʻi lole a me ka ʻoihana hoʻoluʻu:

hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka pulupulu desizing agent, boiling agent, mercerizing agent a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa dye, Haichang blue dye solvent.

19, oihana hoohehee:

hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana ʻana i ka alumini hydroxide, alumini oxide a me ka mea lapaʻau ʻili metala.

20, ʻoihana mea kani,:

hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka neutralizer acid, decolorizing agent, deodorizing agent.

21, ʻoihana hoʻopili:

hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka gelatinizer starch, neutralizer.

22, hana phosphate, hana manganate.

23. Hoʻoulu hou i ka lāʻau kahiko.

24, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka citrus, peach peeling agent a me ka decolorizing agent, deodorant.

25, hoʻohana ʻia ka alkali papa i ka hana pesticide.