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Sodium Carbonate
ʻO ka lehu soda hui ʻole, akā hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ma ke ʻano he paʻakai, ʻaʻole he alkali.ʻO ka sodium carbonate he pauka keʻokeʻo, ʻono ʻole a ʻala ʻole, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka wai, ʻoi aku ka alkaline o ka wai, i ka ea haʻahaʻa e hoʻomoʻa i nā puʻupuʻu wai, kahi hapa o ka sodium bicarbonate.ʻO ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka sodium carbonate e pili ana i ke kaʻina alkali hui, ke kaʻina alkali ammonia, ke kaʻina Lubran, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, a hiki ke hana ʻia a hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia e trona.
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Kapona kalapona
He mea anoano, hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e like me ka pauka crystalline keʻokeʻo, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, alkaline i loko o ka wai wai, hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka ethanol, acetone, a me ka etera.Hiki i ka hygroscopic ikaika, i ʻike ʻia i ka lewa ke komo i ka carbon dioxide a me ka wai, i loko o ka potassium bicarbonate.
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ʻO ka Sodium Sulfate
ʻO ka sodium sulfate ka sulfate a me ka sodium ion synthesis o ka paʻakai, ka sodium sulfate e hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, ʻo ka hapa nui o kāna hoʻonā, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka glycerol akā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka ethanol.ʻO nā pūhui inorganic, maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe, nā ʻāpana maikaʻi o ka mea anhydrous i kapa ʻia ka pauka sodium.Keʻokeʻo, ʻala ʻole, ʻawaʻawa, hygroscopic.ʻO ke ʻano he kala ʻole, ʻikea, nā kristal nui a i ʻole nā kristal granular liʻiliʻi.ʻO ka sodium sulfate he mea maʻalahi ke komo i ka wai i ka wā e ʻike ʻia ai i ka ea, ka hopena i ka sodium sulfate decahydrate, i ʻike ʻia ʻo glauborite, ʻo ia ka alkaline.
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Kalsium Klorida
He kemika i hana ʻia me ka chlorine a me ka calcium, ʻawaʻawa iki.He ionic halide maʻamau, keʻokeʻo, nā ʻāpana paʻakikī a i ʻole nā ʻāpana i ka wela lumi.ʻO nā noi maʻamau e pili ana i ka brine no nā mea hoʻoheheʻe, nā mea hoʻoheheʻe alanui a me ka desiccant.
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Sodium Chloride
ʻO ka wai kai kona kumu, ʻo ia ka mea nui o ka paʻakai.Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, glycerin, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka ethanol (waiʻona), ka amonia wai;ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka waika hydrochloric concentrated.ʻO ka sodium chloride maʻemaʻe he deliquescent i ka ea.ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka paʻa, ʻaʻole kūʻokoʻa kona ʻano wai, a hoʻohana maʻamau ka ʻoihana i ke ʻano o ka electrolytic saturated sodium chloride solution e hana ai i ka hydrogen, chlorine a me ka caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) a me nā huahana kemika ʻē aʻe (i kapa ʻia ʻo chlor-alkali industry). Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka ʻeleʻele (electrolytic molten sodium chloride crystals e hana i ka metala sodium ikaika).
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ʻAka Boric
He pauda crystalline keʻokeʻo, me ka ʻoluʻolu a me ka ʻala ʻole.ʻAʻole i hāʻawi wale ʻia nā protons i kāna kumu waikawa.No ka mea ʻo ka boron he ʻātoma hemahema electron, hiki iā ia ke hoʻohui i nā ion hydroxide o nā mole wai a hoʻokuʻu i nā protons.Ke hoʻohana nei i kēia waiwai hemahema electron, hoʻohui ʻia nā pūhui polyhydroxyl (e like me ka glycerol a me ka glycerol, etc.) e hana i nā paʻa paʻa e hoʻoikaika i ko lākou ʻakika.
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ʻO ka Sodium Silicate
ʻO ka sodium silicate kahi ʻano silicate inorganic, i ʻike nui ʻia he pyrophorine.ʻO Na2O·nSiO2 i hana ʻia e ka hoʻolei maloʻo he nui a maopopo, ʻoiai ʻo Na2O·nSiO2 i hana ʻia e ka wai hoʻoheheʻe wai he granular, hiki ke hoʻohana wale ʻia ke hoʻololi ʻia i wai Na2O·nSiO2.ʻO nā huahana paʻa maʻamau Na2O·nSiO2: ① paʻa paʻa, ② paʻa paʻa, ③ ka sodium silicate koke, ④ wai ʻole sodium metasilicate, ⑤ sodium pentahydrate metasilicate, ⑥ sodium orthosilicate.
