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Urea
ʻO ia ka mea i hoʻohui ʻia me ke kalapona, ka nitrogen, ka oxygen a me ka hydrogen, kekahi o nā pūhui organik maʻalahi loa, a ʻo ia ka huahana hope loa o ka protein metabolism a me ka decomposition i loko o nā mammals a me kekahi mau iʻa, a ua hui ʻia ka urea e ka amonia a me ke kalapona. dioxide ma ka ʻoihana ma lalo o kekahi mau kūlana.
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Ammonium Bicarbonate
ʻO ka ammonium bicarbonate he hui keʻokeʻo, granular, pā a i ʻole nā kolamu kolamu, ʻala amonia.ʻO ka ammonium bicarbonate kahi ʻano carbonate, ʻo ka ammonium bicarbonate he ammonium ion i loko o ke ʻano kemika, he ʻano paʻakai ammonium, a ʻaʻole hiki ke hui pū ʻia ka paʻakai ammonium me ka alkali, no laila ʻaʻole pono e hui pū ʻia ka ammonium bicarbonate me ka sodium hydroxide a i ʻole calcium hydroxide. .
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ʻakika formic
He wai waihoʻoluʻu me ka ʻala ʻala.ʻO ka waika Formic kahi electrolyte nāwaliwali, kekahi o nā mea kūlohelohe kūlohelohe kumu, hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā pesticides, ka ʻili, nā mea hoʻonaninani, nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā ʻoihana lāʻau.Hiki ke hoʻohana pololei ʻia ka waika Formic i ka hana lole, ka ʻili ʻili, ka paʻi textile a me ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i nā meaʻai ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa ma luna o ka metala, mea kōkua kaila a me ka solvent ʻoihana.
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ʻakika Phosphoric
ʻO ka waika inorganic maʻamau, phosphoric acid ʻaʻole maʻalahi i ka volatilize, ʻaʻole maʻalahi e decompose, ʻaneʻane ʻaʻohe oxidation, me ka ʻawaʻawa maʻamau, he ʻakika nāwaliwali ternary, ʻoi aku kona nāwaliwali ma mua o ka waika hydrochloric, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, akā ʻoi aku ka ikaika ma mua o ka acetic. ʻakika, ʻakika boric, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Ua maʻalahi ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka waika Phosphoric i ka lewa, a e nalowale ka wela i ka wai no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka pyrophosphoric acid, a laila lilo hou ka wai no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka metaphosphate.
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Kapona kalapona
He mea anoano, hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e like me ka pauka crystalline keʻokeʻo, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, alkaline i loko o ka wai wai, hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka ethanol, acetone, a me ka etera.Hiki i ka hygroscopic ikaika, i ʻike ʻia i ka lewa ke komo i ka carbon dioxide a me ka wai, i loko o ka bicarbonate potassium.
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Potasuma Chloride
He hui anoano e like me ka paakai ma ka nana aku, he aniani keokeo me ka paakai loa, ka mea ala, a me ka ono ole.Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, etera, glycerol a me ka alkali, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka ethanol, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka ethanol anhydrous, hygroscopic, maʻalahi i ka caking;Piʻi wikiwiki ka solubility i ka wai me ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana, a hoʻihoʻi pinepine ʻia me nā paʻakai sodium e hana i nā paʻakai potassium hou.
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Sodium Dihydrogen Phosphate
ʻO kekahi o nā paʻakai sodium o ka waika phosphoric, he paʻakai ʻakika inorganic, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, aneane hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka ethanol.ʻO ka sodium dihydrogen phosphate he mea maka no ka hana ʻana i ka sodium hempetaphosphate a me ka sodium pyrophosphate.ʻO ia ke kala ʻeleʻele monoclinic prismatic crystal me ka mānoanoa pili o 1.52g/cm².
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Dibasic Sodium Phosphate
ʻO ia kekahi o nā paʻakai sodium o ka waikawa phosphoric.He pauda keʻokeʻo deliquescent, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, a ʻo ka wai wai he alkaline nāwaliwali.ʻO ka Disodium hydrogen phosphate ka maʻalahi i ka lewa, ma ka lumi wela i waiho ʻia i ka lewa e nalowale ma kahi o 5 wai aniani e hana ai i ka heptahydrate, wela i 100 ℃ e nalowale ka wai aniani a pau i mea anhydrous, decomposition i ka sodium pyrophosphate ma 250 ℃.
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Ammonium Sulfate
He mea anoano, kristal kala ʻole a i ʻole ʻāpana keʻokeʻo, ʻaʻala ʻole.Decomposition ma luna o 280 ℃.Solubility i ka wai: 70.6g ma 0 ℃, 103.8g ma 100 ℃.ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka ethanol a me ka acetone.He 0.1mol/L wai wai ka pH o 5.5.ʻO 1.77 ka mānoanoa pili.Hōʻike hoʻohālikelike 1.521.
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Magnesium Sulphate
He pūhui i loaʻa ka magnesium, he mea hoʻohana maʻamau a me ka mea hoʻomaloʻo, ʻo ia ka magnesium cation Mg2+ (20.19% ma ka nuipa) a me ka anion sulfate SO2−4.Paʻa keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka ethanol.Loaʻa pinepine ʻia ma ke ʻano o ka hydrate MgSO4·nH2O, no nā helu n like ʻole ma waena o 1 a me 11. ʻO ka mea maʻamau ʻo MgSO4·7H2O.
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Ferrous Sulfate
ʻO ka ferrous sulfate he mea anorganic, ʻo ka crystalline hydrate he heptahydrate i ka mahana maʻamau, i kapa ʻia ʻo "'ōmaʻomaʻo alum", ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo, i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka ea maloʻo, ʻo ka oxidation o ka ʻeleʻele iron sulfate i loko o ka ea humid, ma 56.6 ℃ e lilo tetrahydrate, ma 65 ℃ e lilo i monohydrate.Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka ferrous sulfate i ka wai a aneane hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka ethanol.ʻO kona wai hoʻoheheʻe oxidize mālie i ka ea ke anuanu, a ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki i ka wā wela.ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka alkali a i ʻole ka ʻike ʻana i ka mālamalama hiki ke hoʻolalelale i kona oxidation.ʻO ka mānoanoa pili (d15) he 1.897.
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Ammonium Chloride
ʻO nā paʻakai Ammonium o ka waikawa hydrochloric, ka hapa nui o nā huahana o ka ʻoihana alkali.Nitrogen maʻiʻo o 24% ~ 26%, keʻokeʻo a iki melemele square paha octahedral liʻiliʻi crystals, pauka a me ka granular ʻelua mau ʻano dosage, granular ammonium chloride ʻaʻole maʻalahi e hoʻomoʻi i ka wai, maʻalahi e mālama, a ʻoi aku ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ammonium chloride pauka ma ke ʻano he kumu. fertilizer no ka hana ʻana i ka mea hoʻohuihui.He mea momona physiological ia, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohana ʻia ma ka lepo waikawa a me ka lepo saline-alkali no ka nui o ka chlorine, a ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka mea kanu hua, nā mea kanu a i ʻole nā lau lau.
