Ke ʻano hana PAC/PAM

Polyaluminum chloride: ʻO PAC no ka pōkole, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo ka aluminum chloride kumu a i ʻole ka hydroxyl aluminum chloride.

Kumumanaʻo: Ma o ka huahana hydrolysis o ka polyaluminum chloride a i ʻole polyaluminum chloride, ua hoʻokumu koke ʻia ka ua colloidal i loko o ka wai kahe a i ʻole ka sludge, kahi mea maʻalahi ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻāpana nui o ka precipitate. Hana: Pili ke ʻano a me ka hana o PAC i ka alkalinity, ke ʻano hoʻomākaukau, ka haku mele haumia a me ka ʻike alumina.

1, i ka wā e pili ana ka alkalinity o ka polyaluminum chloride wai maʻemaʻe i loko o ka pae o 40% ~ 60%, he wai melemele māmā ia. Ke ʻoi aku ka alkalinity ma mua o 60%, e lilo mālie ia i wai aniani ʻole.

2, i ka wā e emi ai ka alkalinity ma mua o 30%, he aniani ka polyaluminum chloride paʻa.

3, i ka wā e pili ana ka alkalinity i loko o ka pae o 30% ~ 60%, he mea colloidal ia.

4, ke ʻoi aku ka alkalinity ma mua o 60%, lilo mālie ia i aniani a resin paha. ʻO ka polyaluminum chloride paʻa i hana ʻia me ka bauxite a i ʻole ka mineral pālolo he melemele a ʻeleʻele paha.

Kiʻi huahana

Hoʻokaʻawale maʻamau

22-24% ka nui o ka ʻike: kaʻina hana hoʻomaloʻo pahu, me ka ʻole o ka kānana ʻana o ka pā a me ke kiʻi, ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o nā mea insoluble wai, ʻo ia ke kumukūʻai mākeke o kēia manawa o nā huahana ʻoihana, i hoʻohana nui ʻia no ka mālama ʻana i ka wai ʻino ʻoihana.

26% o ka ʻike: Hana ʻia ke kaʻina hana hoʻomaloʻo pahu, me ka ʻole o ka kānana pā a me ke kiʻi, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka mea hoʻoheheʻe wai ma mua o 22-24%, ʻo kēia huahana ke kūlana aupuni o ka papa ʻoihana, ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kumukūʻai, hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka mālama ʻana i ka wai ʻino ʻoihana.

28% o ka ʻike: ʻElua ʻano hana o kēia ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana i ka pahu a me ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana i ka pīpī. ʻO ka kānana wai ma o ka papa kīʻaha, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o nā kānana ʻelua mua i ka wai, a pili ia i nā huahana PAC kiʻekiʻe, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka mālama ʻana i ka wai ʻino haʻahaʻa turbidity a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua ʻana i nā mea kanu wai piula wai.

30% o ka ʻike: ʻElua ʻano o ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana i ka pahu a me ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana i ka ʻehu, ʻo ka kānana wai makuahine ma o ka kānana mōlina pā, no nā huahana PAC kiʻekiʻe, i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka mea kanu wai piula wai a me ka turbidity haʻahaʻa o ka mālama wai kūloko.

32% o ka ʻike: Hana ʻia kēia ma ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana i ka pīpī, ʻokoʻa ia mai nā huahana ʻē aʻe, keʻokeʻo kēia ʻano PAC, he polyaluminum chloride non-ferrous kiʻekiʻe maʻemaʻe, i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka ʻoihana kemika maikaʻi a me ka hana ʻana i nā mea hoʻonani, no ka papa meaʻai.

Polyacrylamide: i kapa ʻia ʻo PA M, i ʻike nui ʻia ʻo flocculant a i ʻole coagulant

Kumumanaʻo: ʻO ke kaulahao molekala PAM a me ka pae hoʻopuehu ma o nā ʻano mechanical, physical, kemikala a me nā hopena ʻē aʻe, ua hoʻopili pū ʻia ka pae hoʻopuehu, e hana ana i kahi pūnaewele, a pēlā e hoʻoikaika ai i ke kuleana.

Hana: He pauka keʻokeʻo ka PAM, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, aneane hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka benzene, ether, lipids, acetone a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe organik maʻamau, ʻo ka hopena wai polyacrylamide he wai viscous kokoke i ka moakāka, he waiwai ʻole ia, ʻaʻohe ʻawahia, ʻaʻohe corrosive, he hygroscopicity ka PAM paʻa, hoʻonui ka hygroscopicity me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ke kekelē ionic.

Kiʻi huahana

Hoʻokaʻawale maʻamau

Ua māhele ʻia ka PAM e like me kona mau ʻano o ka hui dissociable i ka polyacrylamide anionic, polyacrylamide cationic a me ka polyacrylamide non-ionic. ʻO ka polyacrylamide Ionic.

PAM Cationic: ʻōpala i hoʻāla ʻia i hana ʻia e ke ʻano biochemical

PAM Anionic: ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopena o ka wai ʻauʻau a me ka sludge me ka hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi, e like me ka mea hana kila, ka mea kanu electroplating, ka metallurgy, ka holoi ʻana i ka lanahu, ka wehe ʻana i ka lepo a me nā wai ʻauʻau ʻē aʻe

PAM Nonionic: no ka hopena maikaʻi o ka cationic a me ka anionic, akā he pipiʻi loa ke kumukūʻai o kēlā me kēia ʻāpana, ʻaʻole i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia

Ua hoʻohui ʻia nā mea ʻelua i nā ʻōlelo kuhikuhi hoʻohana

He aha ka flocculation? Ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka coagulant i ka wai maka, e hui piha ana me ke kino wai, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā haumia colloid i loko o ka wai e nalowale ana ke kūpaʻa, a ʻo nā ʻāpana colloid paʻa ʻole e kuʻi a hoʻopili kekahi i kekahi i loko o ka loko flocculation, a laila hana i ka floc hiki ke wehe ʻia e ke ʻano precipitation.

Nā mea hoʻohuli i ka flocculation

ʻO ke kaʻina hana o ka ulu ʻana o ka floc ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻopili ʻana a me ke kuʻi ʻana o nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi.

ʻO ka maikaʻi o ka hopena flocculation e pili ana i nā kumu ʻelua:

1 ka hiki o nā hui polymer i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hydrolysis coagulant e hana i ke alahaka adsorption frame, kahi i hoʻoholo ʻia e nā waiwai o nā coagulants

2 ka hiki ke kuʻi ʻana o nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi a pehea e kaohi ai iā lākou no ka kuʻi kūpono a me ka maikaʻi. Manaʻo nā ʻoihana ʻenekinia mālama wai i mea e hoʻonui ai i ka hiki ke kuʻi ʻana, pono e hoʻonui ʻia ka gradient wikiwiki, a pono e hoʻonui ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu o ke kino wai ma ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka gradient wikiwiki, ʻo ia hoʻi, e hoʻonui ana i ka wikiwiki o ke kahe o ka loko flocculation (addendum: inā hōʻuluʻulu nā ʻāpana a ulu wikiwiki loa i ka flocculation, e luku ʻia lākou. Aia ʻelua mau pilikia: 1 ulu wikiwiki loa ka floc ua nāwaliwali kona ikaika, i ke kaʻina hana kahe i loaʻa i ka shear ikaika e ʻoki ʻia ai ke alahaka adsorption frame, paʻakikī ke hoʻomau i ke alahaka adsorption frame i ʻoki ʻia, no laila he kaʻina hana palena ʻia ke kaʻina hana flocculation, me ka ulu ʻana o ka floc, pono e hoʻemi ʻia ka wikiwiki o ke kahe, i ʻole e maʻalahi ka haki ʻana o ka floc i hoʻokumu ʻia; 2 ʻo kekahi ulu wikiwiki loa o ka floc e hoʻemi nui i ka ʻili kikoʻī o ka floc wai, ʻaʻole kūpono kekahi pane i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi i nalowale nā ​​​​kūlana pane, ua hoʻemi nui ʻia kēia mau ʻāpana liʻiliʻi a me nā ʻāpana nui o ka collision, he paʻakikī ke ulu hou, ʻaʻole hiki i kēia mau ʻāpana ke mālama wale no ka pahu sedimentation, ʻo ia hoʻi paʻakikī ke mālama no ka kānana.)

Hoʻohui i nā koi

I ke kahua mua o ka hopena o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka coagulant, pono e hoʻonui i ka manawa kūpono o ka hoʻopili ʻana me ka wai ʻino e like me ka hiki, e hoʻonui i ka hui ʻana a i ʻole ke kahe ʻana o ke kahe. Ma muli o ke kuʻi ʻana o ke kahe wai a me ka papa pelu a me ke kahe o ka wai ma waena o ka papa pelu e hoʻonui i ka wikiwiki, i mea e hoʻonui ai i ka manawa kūpono o ke kuʻi ʻana o nā ʻāpana wai, i mea e hoʻonui ai i ka floc condensation. A i ka hopena hope, i mea e hōʻemi ai i ka gradient wikiwiki, hiki ke loaʻa ka flocculation maikaʻi aʻe, ka hopena ua.

Hoʻohui i nā lako: pahu lāʻau, pahu mālama lāʻau, mea hoʻoulu dosing, pamu dosing a me nā lako ana. Hoʻolako ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano hana

ʻO PAC, ka nui o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka PAM (lawe ʻia mai loko mai o ka ʻeke ʻōpala lāʻau a hoʻohui ʻia i ka pahu hoʻoheheʻe) ʻO PAC a me ka nui o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka PAM E like me ka ʻike: ʻO ka nui o ka loko hoʻoheheʻe PAC o 5%-10%, ʻo ka nui o ka PAM o 0.1%-0.3%, ʻo ka ʻikepili ma luna e like me ke ʻano, ʻo ia hoʻi, kēlā me kēia wai cubic PAC 50-100kg, PAM 1-3kg. He kiʻekiʻe loa kēia nui, ua kaupalena ʻia ka hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe PAM, pono e hoʻoulu piha i ka wikiwiki waena e hoʻoheheʻe loa. I ke kauwela, hiki ke hoʻonui pono ʻia ka nui o ka hoʻoheheʻe PAM i 0.3-0.5%. E lawe i ka nui o ka hoʻoheheʻe PAC o 10%, ka nui o ka hoʻoheheʻe PAM o 0.5%, a laila ʻo kēlā me kēia wai cubic i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻo PAC100kg, PAM5kg, e hoʻoponopono i ke kahe ʻana o ka diaphragm flow meter pump, e like me ka helu ʻana o 1 mika cubic /24 hola, ʻo ia hoʻi, Q = 42 lita / hola, hiki ke hoʻokō i ka hopena flocculation mālama wai kūpono. ʻO ka PAC, ka nui o ka mea hana wai ʻino PAM (hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka wai kumu) ʻO ka nui o ka mea hana wai ʻino ma ke ʻano maʻamau he PAC 50-100ppm, PAM 2-5ppm, ʻo ka ʻāpana ppm he hoʻokahi miliona, no laila ua hoʻololi ʻia i 50-100 grams o PAC no ka tona o ka wai ʻino, 2-5 grams o PAM, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e like me kēia hoʻokolohua dosage. Inā ʻo ka hiki ke mālama i ka wai ʻino i kēlā me kēia lā he 2000 cubic mika, ʻo ka nui o ka PAC dosage e like me 50ppm, ʻo ka nui o ka PAM dosage e like me ka helu ʻana o 2ppm, a laila ʻo ka nui o ka PAC i kēlā me kēia lā he 100kg, ʻo ka nui o ka PAM he 4kg. Ua helu ʻia ka nui ma luna e like me ka ʻike maʻamau, pono e hoʻokumu ʻia ka nui kikoʻī a me ka nui o ka dosage ma ka hoʻokolohua kikoʻī o ka maikaʻi o ka wai. E helu i ka waiwai i hoʻonohonoho ʻia ma ka mika kahe o ka pamu dosage.

Ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka mea hana i ka wai ʻino a i ʻole ka sludge, pono e hui maikaʻi ʻia. ʻO ka manawa hui ʻana he 10-30 kekona maʻamau, ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 2 mau minuke. ʻO ka nui kikoʻī o ka mea hana a me ka nui o nā ʻāpana colloidal, nā mea paʻa i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o ka wai ʻino a i ʻole ka sludge, ke ʻano a me nā lako hana he pilina maikaʻi loa, ka nui o ka mālama ʻana i ka sludge i kekahi, ʻo ka nui maikaʻi loa e loaʻa ma o ka nui o nā hoʻokolohua. Wahi a ka nui maikaʻi loa (ppm1 e hoʻohui i ka nui) a me ke kahe wai (t/h) a me ke ʻano o ka nui o ka hopena (ppm2 hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka nui), hiki ke helu ʻia ma ka waiwai hōʻike flowmeter pump dosing (LPM). ʻO ka waiwai hōʻike o ka dosing pump flowmeter (LPM) = kahe wai (t/h)/60 × PPM1 e hoʻohui i ka nui / PPM2 hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka nui.

Nānā: ʻo ka ppm he hoʻokahi miliona; ʻo nā anakahi waiwai o ka mīkini hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka pamu dosing, ʻo LPM he lita/minuke; ʻo GPM he galani/minuke