ʻO Dioxane？ He mea hoʻokae wale nō ia

He aha ka dioxane? Mai hea mai ia?

ʻO Dioxane, ʻo ke ala pololei e kākau ai, ʻo ia ka dioxane. No ka mea, he paʻakikī loa ke paʻi ʻana i ka hewa, ma kēia ʻatikala e hoʻohana mākou i nā huaʻōlelo ʻino maʻamau. He hui organik ia, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo dioxane, 1, 4-dioxane, wai kala ʻole. ʻO ka ʻawaʻawa koke o Dioxane he haʻahaʻa ka ʻawaʻawa, he hopena anesthetic a hoʻoulu. Wahi a ke Code Technical Safety of Cosmetics ma Kina i kēia manawa, he ʻāpana pāpā ʻia ka dioxane o nā mea hoʻonani. No ka mea ua pāpā ʻia ke hoʻohui, no ke aha i loaʻa ai i nā mea hoʻonani ka ʻike ʻana o ka dioxane? No nā kumu i hiki ʻole ke pale ʻia, hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia ka dioxane i loko o nā mea hoʻonani ma ke ʻano he haumia. No laila he aha nā haumia i loko o nā mea maka?

ʻO kekahi o nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe i hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā shampoos a me nā holoi kino, ʻo ia ka sodium fatty alcohol ether sulfate, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo sodium AES a i ʻole SLES. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia ʻāpana mai ka ʻaila pama maoli a i ʻole ka petroleum ma ke ʻano he mea maka i loko o nā waiʻona momona, akā ua synthesized ʻia ma o kekahi mau ʻanuʻu e like me ka ethoxylation, sulfonation, a me ka neutralization. ʻO ke ʻanuʻu koʻikoʻi ʻo ka ethoxylation, ma kēia ʻanuʻu o ke kaʻina hana, pono ʻoe e hoʻohana i kahi mea maka o ka ethylene oxide, ʻo ia ka monomer mea maka i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka ʻoihana synthesis kemika, i ke kaʻina hana o ka ethoxylation reaction, me ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka ethylene oxide i ka waiʻona momona e hana i ka waiʻona momona ethoxylated, Aia kekahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka ethylene oxide (EO) ʻelua mau molekala ʻelua condensation e hana i kahi huahana ʻaoʻao, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka ʻenemi o dioxane, hiki ke hōʻike ʻia ka hopena kikoʻī ma ke kiʻi aʻe:

Ma keʻano laulā, e loaʻa i nā mea hana mea maka nā hana ma hope aku e hoʻokaʻawale a hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka dioxane, e loaʻa i nā mea hana mea maka like ʻole nā ​​kūlana like ʻole, e kāohi pū nā mea hana mea hoʻonani multinational i kēia hōʻailona, ​​​​ma kahi o 20 a 40ppm. No ke kūlana o ka ʻike i loko o ka huahana i hoʻopau ʻia (e like me ka shampoo, ka holoi kino), ʻaʻohe hōʻailona honua kikoʻī. Ma hope o ka hanana shampoo Bawang i ka makahiki 2011, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻo Kina i ke kūlana no nā huahana i hoʻopau ʻia ma lalo o 30ppm.

Hoʻokumu ʻo Dioxane i ka maʻi kanesa, ke kumu nei ia i nā hopohopo palekana?

Ma ke ʻano he mea maka i hoʻohana ʻia mai ke Kaua Honua II, ua aʻo nui ʻia ka sodium sulfate (SLES) a me kāna huahana dioxane. Ua aʻo ka United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) i ka dioxane i loko o nā huahana mea kūʻai no 30 mau makahiki, a ua hoʻoholo ʻo Health Canada ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o nā nui liʻiliʻi o ka dioxane i loko o nā huahana hoʻonani ʻaʻole ia e hoʻoweliweli i ke olakino i nā mea kūʻai aku, ʻoiai nā keiki (Kanada). Wahi a ka Australian National Occupational Health and Safety Commission, ʻo ka palena kūpono o ka dioxane i loko o nā waiwai mea kūʻai aku he 30ppm, a ʻo ka palena kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻae ʻia e ka toxicologically he 100ppm. Ma Kina, ma hope o 2012, ʻo ka palena palena o 30ppm no ka ʻike dioxane i loko o nā mea hoʻonani he emi loa ia ma mua o ka palena kiʻekiʻe o ka toxicologically i ʻae ʻia o 100ppm ma lalo o nā kūlana hoʻohana maʻamau.

Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻo ka palena o Kina o ka dioxane i nā kūlana hoʻonaninani he emi ma mua o 30ppm, he kūlana kiʻekiʻe ia ma ka honua. No ka mea, ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, he nui nā ʻāina a me nā ʻāpana i loaʻa nā palena kiʻekiʻe ma ka nui o ka dioxane ma mua o kā mākou kūlana a i ʻole ʻaʻohe kūlana maopopo:

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, he mea maʻamau ka nui o ka dioxane ma ke ʻano. Ua helu ka US Toxic Substances and Disease Registry i ka dioxane i loaʻa i ka moa, ka tōmato, ka ʻōpae a me ko mākou wai inu. Ua ʻōlelo ʻia e nā World Health Organization Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality (Third edition) ʻo ka palena o ka dioxane i loko o ka wai he 50 μg/L.

No laila, e hōʻuluʻulu i ka pilikia carcinogenic o dioxane i hoʻokahi ʻōlelo, ʻo ia hoʻi: me ka nānā ʻole i ka nui o ka lāʻau e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka pōʻino he mea kolohe.

ʻO ka haʻahaʻa o ka nui o ka dioxane, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka maikaʻi, ʻeā?

ʻAʻole ʻo Dioxane wale nō ke ana o ka maikaʻi o SLES. He mea nui hoʻi e noʻonoʻo i nā ana ʻē aʻe e like me ka nui o nā hui unsulfonated a me ka nui o nā mea hoʻonāukiuki i loko o ka huahana.

Eia kekahi, he mea nui e hoʻomaopopo he nui nā nui o SLES, ʻo ka ʻokoʻa nui loa ke kekelē o ka ethoxylation, kekahi me 1 EO, kekahi me 2, 3 a i ʻole 4 EO (ʻoiaʻiʻo, hiki ke hana ʻia nā huahana me nā wahi decimal e like me 1.3 a me 2.6). ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kekelē o ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka ethoxidation, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka helu o EO, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka nui o ka dioxane i hana ʻia ma lalo o ke kaʻina hana like a me nā kūlana hoʻomaʻemaʻe.

ʻO ka mea hoihoi, akā naʻe, ʻo ke kumu o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka EO, ʻo ia ka hoʻēmi ʻana i ka mea hoʻonāukiuki o ka surfactant SLES, a ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka helu o EO SLES, ʻo ka emi ʻana o ka hoʻonāukiuki i ka ʻili, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻoi aku ka mālie, a ʻo ka hope. Me ka ʻole o ka EO, ʻo ia ka SLS, ka mea i makemake ʻole ʻia e nā ʻāpana, he mea hoʻouluulu nui ia.

No laila, ʻo ka haʻahaʻa o ka dioxane ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo he mea maka maikaʻi ia. No ka mea, inā liʻiliʻi ka helu o EO, e ʻoi aku ka nui o ka huhū o ka mea maka.

Ma ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo:

ʻAʻole ʻo Dioxane kahi mea hoʻohui i hoʻohui ʻia e nā ʻoihana, akā he mea maka e pono e noho i loko o nā mea maka e like me SLES, kahi mea paʻakikī ke pale aku. ʻAʻole wale ma SLES, ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, inā e hana ʻia ka ethoxylation, e loaʻa nā liʻiliʻi o ka dioxane, a aia pū kekahi mau mea maka mālama ʻili i ka dioxane. Mai ka manaʻo o ka loiloi pilikia, ma ke ʻano he mea koena, ʻaʻohe pono e alualu i ka ʻike 0 loa, e lawe i ka ʻenehana ʻike o kēia manawa, "ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia" ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo he 0 ka ʻike.

No laila, ʻo ke kamaʻilio ʻana e pili ana i ka pōʻino ma mua o ka nui, he mea kolohe ia. Ua aʻo ʻia ka palekana o ka dioxane no nā makahiki he nui, a ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā kūlana palekana pili a me nā kūlana i ʻōlelo ʻia, a ua manaʻo ʻia he palekana nā koena ma lalo o 100ppm. Akā, ʻaʻole i hoʻolilo nā ʻāina e like me ka ʻAhahui ʻEulopa iā ia i kūlana mandatory. ʻO nā koi kūloko no ka nui o ka dioxane i loko o nā huahana he emi ma mua o 30ppm.

No laila, ʻaʻole pono ka dioxane i loko o ka shampoo e hopohopo e pili ana i ka maʻi kanesa. No ka ʻike hewa ma ka pāpāho, ua maopopo iā ʻoe i kēia manawa he mea ia e kiʻi ai i ka nānā.