Ka laulā noi a me ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka sodium hydroxide

Ka laulā noi a me ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka sodium hydroxide

ʻO YANGZHOU EVERBRIGHT CHEMICAL CO.LTD.

ʻO ka papa soda caustic kahi ʻano soda caustic, ka inoa kemika sodium hydroxide, he alkali hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, ʻino loa, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka neutralizer waikawa, me ka masking agent, precipitating agent, precipitation masking agent, color agent, saponification agent, peeling agent, detergent a pēlā aku.

He nui nā ʻano hana like ʻole. Ua hōʻuluʻulu ʻia nā hoʻohana maʻamau o nā papa soda caustic penei:

1, hana pepa:

ʻO nā mea maka o ka hana pepa he mau mea kanu lāʻau a mauʻu paha, ʻo kēia mau mea kanu ma waho aʻe o ka cellulose, akā loaʻa pū kekahi ka nui o ka non-cellulose (lignin, gum, a pēlā aku). Hoʻohana ʻia ka flake alkali no ka delignification, a hiki ke loaʻa ka fiber ma ka wehe ʻana i ka lignin mai ka lāʻau. Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka ʻāpana non-cellulose ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka hopena caustic soda dilute, i hiki ke hoʻomākaukau ʻia ka cellulose ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana nui o ka pulp.

2, ʻaila i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia:

Ma hope o ka holoi ʻia ʻana o nā huahana petroleum me ka waikawa sulfuric, pono e holoi ʻia kekahi mau mea waikawa me ka hopena alkali papa, a laila holoi ʻia e loaʻa nā huahana i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia.

3. ʻO ka lole:

Hoʻohana ʻia nā lole pulupulu a me nā lole olonā me ka hopena sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) i hoʻohuihui ʻia e hoʻomaikaʻi i nā waiwai fiber. ʻO nā olonā hana e like me ka pulupulu hana, ka huluhulu hana, ka rayon, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, he mau olonā viscose ka hapa nui, hana ʻia lākou me ka cellulose (e like me ka pulp), ka caustic soda, ka carbon disulfide (CS2) ma ke ʻano he mea maka, hana ʻia me ka viscose, ma ke milo ʻana, ka condensation.

4, ka paʻi ʻana a me ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana:

ʻO ka lole pulupulu me ka hopena alkaline i mālama ʻia, hiki ke wehe i ka wax, ka ʻaila, ka starch a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i uhi ʻia i ka lole pulupulu, me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kala mercerization o ka lole, i ʻoi aku ka like o ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana.

5, hana ʻana i ke kopa:

ʻO ka ʻāpana nui o ke kopa ka paʻakai sodium o nā waikawa momona holomua, i hana pinepine ʻia me ka ʻaila a me nā papa alkali ma ke ʻano he mea maka ma o ka hopena saponification. Ma waho aʻe o nā paʻakai waikawa momona kiʻekiʻe, loaʻa pū ke kopa i ka rosin, ke aniani wai, nā mea ʻala, nā kala a me nā mea hoʻopihapiha ʻē aʻe. Ma ke ʻano kūkulu, aia ka sodium waikawa momona kiʻekiʻe i kahi ʻāpana hydrophobic non-polar (hui hydrocarbon) a me kahi ʻāpana hydrophilic polar (hui carboxyl). Loaʻa i ka hui hydrophobic nā waiwai oleophilic. I ka wā e holoi ai, hoʻoulu ʻia ka momona i loko o ka lepo a hoʻopuehu ʻia i loko o nā kulu aila liʻiliʻi, a ma hope o ka hoʻopili ʻana me ke kopa, hoʻokomo ʻia ka hui hydrophobic (hui hydrocarbon) o nā mole sodium waikawa momona kiʻekiʻe i loko o nā kulu aila, a hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā mole aila e nā mana van der Waals. ʻO ka hui hydrophilic (hui carboxyl), ka mea i maʻalahi ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, ua hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ma waho o ka kulu aila a hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka wai. ʻO ka mea nui o ke kopa ʻo NaOH, akā ʻaʻole ʻo NaOH ke kopa. He momona kona hopena wai a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me ke kopa. He emulsifier ke kopa. ʻO ke kumumanaʻo ka hopena saponification CH3CO0CH2CH3+NaOH=CH3COONa+CH3CH2OH, a ʻo CH3COONa ka mea hana i loko o ke kopa.

6, ʻoihana kemika:

Hana i ka metala sodium, e hoʻohana i ka wai electrolytic i nā papa alkali. ʻO ka hana ʻana o nā paʻakai inorganic he nui, ʻoiai ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o kekahi mau paʻakai sodium (e like me ka borax, sodium silicate, sodium phosphate, sodium dichromate, sodium sulfite, etc.) i hoʻohana ʻia i loko o nā papa alkali. Hoʻohana ʻia nō hoʻi ia i ka synthesis o nā dyes, nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā mea waena organik.

7, ʻoihana hana hao:

pinepine e hoʻololi i ka ʻāpana hana o ka ore i loko o ka paʻakai sodium hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, i mea e wehe ai i nā mea haumia hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, no laila, pono pinepine e hoʻohui i nā papa alkali. No ka laʻana, i ke kaʻina hana hoʻoheheʻe o ka alumini, hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka cryolite a me ka mālama ʻana i ka bauxite.

8, ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lime e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka lepo:

i loko o ka lepo, no ka mea, ʻo nā mea olaola i ke kaʻina hana decomposition e hana i nā waikawa organik, hiki i ka weathering o nā mineral ke hana i nā mea waikawa. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hoʻouluulu inorganic e like me ka ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, e hana pū i ka lepo i ka waikawa. ʻO ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka nui kūpono o ka lime hiki ke hoʻopau i ka waikawa i loko o ka lepo, e hana i ka lepo i kūpono no ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu, a paipai i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā microorganisms. Ma hope o ka hoʻonui ʻia o Ca2+ i loko o ka lepo, hiki iā ia ke paipai i ka condensation o ka colloid lepo, kahi mea e kōkua ai i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā aggregates, a i ka manawa like, hiki iā ia ke hoʻolako i ka calcin e pono ai no ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu.

9. Hana ʻana i ka Alumina:

Hoʻomehana ʻia ka hopena NaOH e hoʻoheheʻe i ka alumina i loko o ka bauxite a loaʻa ka sodium aluminka hopena ʻai. Ma hope o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻana o ka hopena mai ke koena (lepo ʻulaʻula), hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia ka mahana, hoʻohui ʻia ka aluminiuma hydroxide ma ke ʻano he hua kristal, ma hope o ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻoulu ʻana, hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka sodium aluminate i loko o ka aluminiuma hydroxide, holoi ʻia, a calcined ma 950 ~ 1200 ℃, loaʻa ka alumini oxide i hoʻopau ʻia. ʻO ka hopena ma hope o ka ua ʻana o ka aluminia hydroxide ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he wai makuahine, kahi i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a hoʻopaʻa ʻia a hana hou ʻia. Ma muli o nā ʻano crystalline like ʻole o ka diaspore, diaspore a me diaspore, ʻokoʻa loa ko lākou solubility i ka hopena soda caustic, no laila pono e hāʻawi i nā kūlana hoʻoheheʻe like ʻole, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā mahana hoʻoheheʻe like ʻole. Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ke ʻano bauxite diaspore ma 125 ~ 140C, a hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ke ʻano bauxite diaspore ma 240 ~ 260 ℃ a me ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka lime (3 ~ 7%).

10, nā pālolo:

ʻElua mau wahi o ke kuleana o ka soda caustic i ka hana ʻana i ka seramika: ʻo ka mua, i ke kaʻina hana puhi ʻana o nā seramika, ʻo ka soda caustic ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoheheʻe. ʻO ka lua, e kahakaha ʻia a ʻāwili ʻia paha ka ʻili o ka seramika i puhi ʻia, a ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana me ka hopena soda caustic, e ʻoi aku ka laumania o ka ʻili seramika.

11, hoʻomaʻemaʻe kino:

ka denaturation protein virus. Hoʻohana nui ʻia kēia mau mea no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me ka disinfecting ʻana i nā ʻōmole i ka ʻoihana waina.

12, me ka wai hoʻoneoneo:

ikaika ka sodium oxide e hoʻoponopono i ka waiwai ph, mālama ʻana i ka wai ʻino, i mea e hana hou ai nā kumuwaiwai.

13, nā hoʻomākaukau kemika, nā mea hoʻohui ʻoihana:

Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka papa alkali i ka ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau e alkalize i nā hopena a hoʻoponopono paha i ka waiwai pH o nā hopena lāʻau lapaʻau.

14, electroplating, tungsten hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana.

ʻO nā papa alkali i loko o ka uhi metala e like me ka hopena electroplating, e pāʻani i ke kuleana o ke alakaʻi!

15, hana silika, hana pulupulu rayon.

16. ʻOihana ʻili (Hoʻolauna i ʻelua mau hoʻohana o nā papa alkali):

(1) No ke kaʻina hana hou ʻana o ka wai lehu ʻōpala tannery, e hoʻomohu a hoʻohui i ka wai sodium sulfide i loko o ke kaʻina hana hoʻonui e kū nei.

Ma waena o nā ʻanuʻu ʻelua o ka mālama ʻana i ka pauka lime, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka 30% sodium hydroxide solution me ke kaumaha tare 0.3-0.5% e hoʻonui piha i ka ʻili o ka ʻili e hoʻokō i nā koi o ke kaʻina hana a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o nā huahana semi-hoʻopau.
(2) Ma ke ʻano he medium alkaline a me kahi neutralizer, e hoʻohui i ka nui o ka wai i ka reactor, a laila e hoʻomehana a hiki i 90 ° C ma o ka mahu, e hoʻoulu me ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka polyvinyl alcohol, a laila e hoʻolulu i lalo i 80 ° C ma hope o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana o ka polyvinyl alcohol. Ma hope o ka hoʻoulu ʻana, e hoʻohui i ka hydrochloric acid i loko o kahi trickle, e hoʻomau i ka hoʻoulu ʻana no 20 a 30 mau minuke, a e hoʻohui i ka nui o ka wai formaldehyde. E mālama i ka mahana ma 78 ~ 80 ℃, e ʻae iā ia e hana no 40 ~ 50 mau minuke, e hoʻohui i ka 10% sodium hydroxide solution i hoʻonohonoho ʻia no ka neutralization, e hoʻolulu i lalo i 60 ~ 70 ℃, a laila e hoʻohui i ka urea formula no ka mālama ʻana i ka amino, a kānana i ka hopena glue ma o ka hilo hilo no ka hoʻohana mālama.

17, ʻoihana kemika polyester:

Hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana ʻana o ka waikawa formic, waikawa oxalic, borax, phenol, sodium cyanide a me ke kopa, nā waikawa momona synthetic, detergent synthetic, etc.

18, ʻoihana paʻi a me ka hoʻoluʻu lole:

hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka mea hoʻopau pulupulu, mea hoʻolapalapa, mea mercerizing a me ka dye hoʻemi, Haichang blue dye solvent.

19, ʻoihana hoʻoheheʻe:

hoʻohana ʻia e hana i ka alumini hydroxide, ka alumini oxide a me ka mea lapaʻau ʻili metala.

20, ʻoihana mea kani,：

hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka mea hoʻoheheʻe waikawa, mea hoʻohemo kala, mea hoʻohemo ʻala.

21, ʻoihana hoʻopili:

hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka gelatinizer starch, neutralizer.

22, hana phosphate, hana manganate.

23. Ka hana hou ʻana o ka laholio kahiko.

24, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka citrus, ka peach peeling agent a me ka decolorizing agent, deodorant.

25, hoʻohana ʻia nā papa alkali i ka hana ʻana i nā pesticides.